Fracture model and structural history of Gunung Keriang, Kedah

Aznan, Muhammad Amzar and Mansor, Nasrul Azmin and Choong, Chee Meng and Ab Rahman, Siti Sarah and Md Yusof, Muhammad Aslam and Mohamed, Muhammad Azfar (2024) Fracture model and structural history of Gunung Keriang, Kedah. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia (77). pp. 37-46. ISSN 2637-109X

Abstract

Gunung Keriang is a limestone hill in Kedah, northwest Peninsular Malaysia, with well-bedded limestones that gently dip towards the SW and SE, forming N-S trending gentle folds. Fractures are prevalent at both regional and local scales, with three major fracture sets identified: NW-SE, N-S, and NE-SW, all of which are steep to vertically dipping. These fracture sets and their characteristics have been thoroughly analyzed and summarized in this study. The NW-SE fractures have an average length of 137.2 m with a spacing of 92.3 m, the N-S fractures average 120 m in length with 81.3 m spacing, and the NE-SW fractures average 101.6 m in length with 72.7 m spacing. The limestone deposits in Gunung Keriang were formed in a partially unstable shallow marine environment during the Early Permian to Early Triassic period. Subsequently, the Late Triassic collision between the Sibumasu and Indochina terranes led to the formation of N-S trending gentle folds, N-S tension gashes, and potential conjugate fracture sets (NW-SE and NE-SW direction) due to E-W compression. The ensuing uplift exposed the Gunung Keriang limestone and caused extensive dissolution, particularly along fractures.

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