In vitro shoot regeneration from rhizome bud of native ginger in Borneo, Etlingera coccinea

A. G., Jualang and T. A, Nurul Humairah and D., Devina and M., Hartinie (2015) In vitro shoot regeneration from rhizome bud of native ginger in Borneo, Etlingera coccinea. Journal of Tropical Plant Physiology, 7. pp. 36-46.

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Abstract

A reproducible protocol for in vitro shoot regeneration was established for edible native ginger species of Borneo, Etlingera coccinea using rhizome bud. Intact rhizome buds in 1.0±0.5 cm length were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 0.1 to 2.0 μM Thidiazuron(TDZ), 6-benzyalaminopurine (BAP) and Kinetin. Among the cytokinins tested 1.0 μM TDZ gave the best response with 100% of explants producing 23.0±0.43 adventitious shoots per bud after 20 weeks of culture following which explant size and sectioning methods were also investigated by excising the sprout buds into various sizes (~1.0-5.0 cm) and sectioned into half or three slices. As compared to other explant size tested, the explant size of ~1.0 ± 0.5cm long was favorable for 100% shoot regeneration and producing 20.0 ± 1.38 shoot per explant after 20 weeks of culture. However, sectioning of explant did not have beneficial effect on shoot regeneration. Sliced explant produced lower shoot regeneration percentage and lower number of shoots, and took up to 13 weeks for regeneration to occur as compared to 9 weeks for intact bud. The regenerated shoots were then transferred to shoot elongation medium containing 2.5 to 20 μM BAP. Regenerated shoots developed well in MS medium supplemented with 5.0 μM BAP by promoting an average of 5.5 ± 0.25 proliferated shoots per explant, 3.0 ± 0.61 cm shoot length, and 6.5 ± 0.35 leaves per explant. Root initiation from the shoot cluster (~1.5 ± 0.5cm long) started a week after being transferred from the elongation medium, and the best rooting was obtained on MS fortified with 1.0 μM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (90 ± 2.24% response, with 3.5 ± 0.08 cm root length). Thus, the results obtained in the study suggests a possible regeneration protocol to be exploited for commercial cultivation or large-scale production of E. coccinea.

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