Effects of different concentrations of auxin and gibberellin in developing seedless roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) fruit and postharvest quality

W. S., Wan Zaliha and J., Norsyuhada (2015) Effects of different concentrations of auxin and gibberellin in developing seedless roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) fruit and postharvest quality. Journal of Tropical Plant Physiology, 7. pp. 26-35.

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Abstract

Parthenocarpy is the formation of fruit without pollination or fertilization which resulted in seedless fruit. Seedless fruit has higher commercial value than seeded fruit. The present study aimed to investigate the development of seedless roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) fruit by applying various concentrations of plant growth regulators (PGRs) such as auxin (IAA) and gibberellin (GA3). Improvement of roselle crop through conventional hybridization is very difficult to be conducted as it has cleistogamous flower. In addition, roselle is very perishable and non-climacteric produce that exposed to rapid postharvest physiological deterioration following harvest. Thus, producing seedless fruit may reduce time and labour cost during decoring process. The experimental treatments were arranged in randomized complete block design and the treatments were control (without PGRs), GA3 at 600 mg L-¹, GA3 at 800 mg L-¹1, GA3 at 1000 mg L-¹, IAA at 800 mg L-¹, IAA at 1000 mg L-¹, and IAA at 1200 mg L-¹. The PGRs were sprayed on roselle flower buds at 40, 50, 60 and 70 day after transplanting (DAT). Among all PGRs treatments, plant treated with GA3 at 800 mg L-¹ had developed seedless roselle fruit as shown by the smallest capsule diameter, capsule volume and low number of seeds. Meanwhile, various concentrations of PGRs did not significantly affect the postharvest quality attributes of roselle fruit. As a conclusion, the application of 800 mg L-¹ GA3 was the effective concentration to produce seedless roselle fruit and maintain its postharvest quality.

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